Photosynthesis is a process in which there is a synthesis of bio molecules e.g. sugar molecules. Therefore, for the synthesis of bio molecules raw material is required by the plant. Raw material for the photosynthesis is carbon-dioxide, water, sunlight and chlorophyll.
Carbon Dioxide:- Carbon dioxide present in atmosphere is normally obtained by the plants through stomata. Carbon dioxide enters into the plant by simple diffusion. Small quantities of carbonates are also absorbed by the plants from soil. Hydrophytes ( aquatic plants ) gets carbon dioxide from the water in the form of bicarbonates.
Carbon Dioxide:- Carbon dioxide present in atmosphere is normally obtained by the plants through stomata. Carbon dioxide enters into the plant by simple diffusion. Small quantities of carbonates are also absorbed by the plants from soil. Hydrophytes ( aquatic plants ) gets carbon dioxide from the water in the form of bicarbonates.
Photosynthesis
Water:- Water plays very important role in any physiological reactions. ( physiology is the study of functions in living things ). Van Niel proved that some bacteria used H2S as a reducing power while working on photosynthetic bacteria. Therefor, in these bacteria instead of evolution of oxygen sulphur globule accumulated as a waste material.
6CO2 + 12H2O -------------- C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 12S
Robin Hill illuminated the isolated chloroplast to sunlight and even in the absence of CO2 he found that chloroplast evolved oxygen during photosynthesis.
2A ( hydrogen acceptor) + 2H2O ---------------- 2AH2 + O2
These hydrogen acceptor are also called Hill Oxidants and because oxygen is evolved during the illumination of chloroplast to sunlight even in the absence of CO2 is called Hill Reaction.
Ruben et al ( 1941 ) proved that oxygen evolved during photosynthesis comes from H2O by suspended Chlorella in water having heavy isotope of oxygen O18 .
Light
6CO2 + 12H2O18 ---------------- C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O18
Chlorophyll, enzymes
Light:- Light is the visible part of electromagnetic radiations. Visible light have the wavelength from 390 to 760 nm. This is made up of different colours of wavelength starting from violet to red light. These are violet ( 390-430nm), blue or indigo ( 430-470nm), blue green ( 470-500nm), green ( 500-580), yellow ( 580-6800, orange ( 600-650), red ( 650- 760). This is also called VIBGYOR. Photosynthesis used wavelength from 400-700nm. These radiations are called photosynthetic active radiatios ( PAR ). Blue and green light is the most effective radiations for photosynthesis. Maximum absorption of these wavelength of light takes place during photosynthe.
Chloroplast :- Already mentioned in detail. This organelle contains photosynthetic pigments so plays vital role in photosynthesis.
6CO2 + 12H2O -------------- C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 12S
Robin Hill illuminated the isolated chloroplast to sunlight and even in the absence of CO2 he found that chloroplast evolved oxygen during photosynthesis.
2A ( hydrogen acceptor) + 2H2O ---------------- 2AH2 + O2
These hydrogen acceptor are also called Hill Oxidants and because oxygen is evolved during the illumination of chloroplast to sunlight even in the absence of CO2 is called Hill Reaction.
Ruben et al ( 1941 ) proved that oxygen evolved during photosynthesis comes from H2O by suspended Chlorella in water having heavy isotope of oxygen O18 .
Light
6CO2 + 12H2O18 ---------------- C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O18
Chlorophyll, enzymes
Light:- Light is the visible part of electromagnetic radiations. Visible light have the wavelength from 390 to 760 nm. This is made up of different colours of wavelength starting from violet to red light. These are violet ( 390-430nm), blue or indigo ( 430-470nm), blue green ( 470-500nm), green ( 500-580), yellow ( 580-6800, orange ( 600-650), red ( 650- 760). This is also called VIBGYOR. Photosynthesis used wavelength from 400-700nm. These radiations are called photosynthetic active radiatios ( PAR ). Blue and green light is the most effective radiations for photosynthesis. Maximum absorption of these wavelength of light takes place during photosynthe.
Chloroplast :- Already mentioned in detail. This organelle contains photosynthetic pigments so plays vital role in photosynthesis.
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